scholarly journals The Effects of Parasitoid Behavior

BioScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 56 (11) ◽  
pp. 952
Author(s):  
Cathy Lundmark
Keyword(s):  
Parasitoid Behavior

scholarly journals Aphid alarm pheromone produced by transgenic plants affects aphid and parasitoid behavior

2006 ◽  
Vol 103 (27) ◽  
pp. 10509-10513 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Beale ◽  
M. A. Birkett ◽  
T. J. A. Bruce ◽  
K. Chamberlain ◽  
L. M. Field ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Alarm Pheromone ◽  
Parasitoid Behavior ◽  
Aphid Alarm Pheromone

BEHAVIOR OF THE PARASITOID PLEOLOPHUS BASIZONUS (HYMENOPTERA: ICHNEUMONIDAE) IN RESPONSE TO CHANGES IN HOST AND PARASITOID DENSITY

1972 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter W. Price
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Density ◽  
Mutual Interference ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Parasitoid Behavior ◽  
Density Dependent ◽  
Unparasitized Host ◽  
Adult Parasitoid ◽  
Escape Reaction ◽  
General Aspects

AbstractA synthesis of observations on density-dependent interactions in parasitoid populations is attempted, working from the particular aspects of discrimination against parasitized hosts and detailed observations on parasitoid behavior, to more general aspects of parasitoid ecology, dispersal, distribution, and response to host populations. Females of Pleolophus basizonus (Gravenhorst) are able to discriminate against parasitized hosts of Neodiprion swainei Middleton between narrow limits (mean densities of 0.4 to 1.4 eggs per cocoon) set by the probability of a female finding an unparasitized host. They show mutual interference in egg laying at high parasitoid:host ratios, and a density-dependent escape reaction to adult parasitoid density. These behaviors all result from the recognition of repellent trail odors left by searching females. Response of individual females to high parasitoid densities may therefore lead to dispersal, the occupation by the population of more, but not so favorable habitats, and an apparent density-independent response to host populations.

scholarly journals Old Parasitoids for New Mealybugs: Host Location Behavior and Parasitization Efficacy of Anagyrus vladimiri on Pseudococcus comstocki

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 257
Author(s):  
Renato Ricciardi ◽  
Valeria Zeni ◽  
Davide Michelotti ◽  
Filippo Di Giovanni ◽  
Francesca Cosci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Hind Tibia ◽  
Developmental Time ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Parasitoid Behavior ◽  
Host Preferences ◽  
Parasitization Rate ◽  
Choice Tests ◽  
Pseudococcus Comstocki ◽  
Comstock Mealybug

The Comstock mealybug, Pseudococcus comstocki (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is a primary pest of orchards in the North and Northwest of China. This pest appeared recently in Europe, including Italy, where it is infesting mainly vineyards as well as apple and pear orchards. The present study investigated the efficacy of Anagyrus vladimiri, a known biological control agent (BCA) of Planococcus ficus, on P. comstocki to evaluate a potential use for the management of this new pest. No-choice tests were conducted to quantify the parasitoid behavior against P. ficus and P. comstocki. The parasitoid successfully parasitized both species (parasitization rate: 51% and 67% on P. comstocki and P. ficus, respectively). The A.vladimiri developmental time (19.67 ± 1.12 vs. 19.70 ± 1.07 days), sex ratio (1.16 ± 1.12 vs. 1.58 ± 1.07) and hind tibia length of the progeny showed no differences when P. comstocki and P. ficus, respectively, were exploited as hosts. Two-choice tests, conducted by providing the parasitoid with a mixed population of P. ficus and P. comstocki, showed no host preference for either of the two mealybug species (23 vs. 27 first choices on P. comstocki and P. ficus, respectively). The parasitization rate (61.5% and 64.5% in P. comstocki and P. ficus, respectively) did not differ between the two hosts. Overall, our study adds basic knowledge on parasitoid behavior and host preferences and confirms the use of this economically important encyrtid species as an effective BCA against the invasive Comstock mealybug.

scholarly journals Non-target effects of ten essential oils on the egg-parasitoid Trichogramma evanescens

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise van Oudenhove ◽  
Aurelie Cazier ◽  
Marine Fillaud ◽  
Anne-Violette Lavoir ◽  
Hicham Fatnassi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Fumigant Toxicity ◽  
Parasitoid Behavior ◽  
Trichogramma Evanescens ◽  
Parasitoid Development ◽  
Target Effects

Essential oils (EOs) are increasingly used as biopesticides due to their insecticidal potential. This study addresses their non-target effects on a biological control agent: the egg parasitoid Trichogramma evanescens. In particular, we tested whether EOs affected parasitoid fitness either directly, by decreasing pre-imaginal survival, or indirectly, by disrupting parasitoids' orientation abilities. The effect of Anise, Fennel, Sweet orange, Basil, Coriander, Oregano, Peppermint, Mugwort, Rosemary and Thyme EOs were studied on five strains of T. evanescens. Specific experimental setups were developed, and data obtained from image analysis were interpreted with phenomenological models fitted with Bayesian inference. Results highlight the fumigant toxicity of EOs on parasitoid development. Anise, Fennel, Basil, Coriander, Oregano, Peppermint and Thyme EOs are particularly toxic and drastically reduce the emergence rate of T. evanescens. Most EOs also affect parasitoid behavior: (i) Basil, Coriander, Oregano, Peppermint, Mugwort and Thyme EOs are highly repellent for naive female parasitoids; (ii) Anise and Fennel EOs can have repellent to attractive effects depending on strains; and (iii) Sweet orange, Oregano and Rosemary EOs have no detectable impact on orientation behavior. This study shows that EOs fumigation have non-target effects on egg parasitoids. This highlights the need to cautiously precise the deployment framework of biopesticides in an agroecological perspective.

scholarly journals Primeiro registro da vespa parasitoide Pachysomoides, associada a ninhos de Mischocyttarus cerberus e alguns comentários sobre o comportamento da espécie de vespa parasitoide

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Rafael Carvalho Da Silva ◽  
Amanda Prato Da Silva ◽  
Diego Santana Assis ◽  
Fabio Santos Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Parasitoid Behavior ◽  
Interaction Behavior ◽  
First Time

In this work, we are reporting, for the first time, a parasitoid wasp associated to the nests of Mischocyttarus cerberus, also we provide information concerning the parasitoid behavior when close to its host. We believe that the parasitism process is not easily accomplished, because the host resident females keep guarding and attacking whenever they detect any kind of parasitoid approach. Our results provide more detailed and important information about the host-parasitoid interaction behavior involving the Pachysomoides sp. and M. cerberus, which so far is scarce scientific literature.

scholarly journals Studi keberadaan hiperparasitoid dalam mempengaruhi perilaku imago parasitoid pada kutudaun, Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Chandra Irsan
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Parasitoid Behavior ◽  
Dispersal Behaviour ◽  
Searching Ability ◽  
Observation Results

Study Hyperparasitoid Existing Affected to Adul Parasitoid Behavior on Aphid, Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae). In general, hyperparasitoid is needed for establishing food and chain webs, but in contrary, it could become a limiting factor in existing biological control program. An observation to aim positive impact of hyperparasitoid existence has been carried out. Chili plant, Capsicum annuum, Aphis gossypii, Trioxys sinensis parasitoid and Aphidencyrtus sp. were used in this observation. Results showed that hyperparasitoid existence assisted parasitoid distribution. Parasitoids were placed with hyperparasitoids enhanced parasitoid distribution or dispersion two times farther compare to without hyperparasitoids. It was concluded that dispersal behaviour of hyperparasitoid adult was a parasitoid adult’s response to avoid its suppression by the hyperparasitoid and also increase parasitoid’s searching ability.

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